Author Guidelines

    Instructions to Authors

    About Journal ↑

    Pharmacognosy Reviews is published Semi-annual, serves the need of different scientists and others involved in medicinal plant research and development. Each issue covers different reviews on related topics of natural product drug discovery, Biotechnology, Marine Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants. Review articles that are of broad readership interest to users in industry, academia, and government. Phcog Rev. is an important and most cited review journal for medicinal Plant researchers —and it's an Open Access Publication.

    ISSN: Print - 0973-7847, Online - 0976-2787  |  Frequency: Semi-Annual (2 issues/year).

    Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Dr. Ahmed M.  |  View Editorial Board


    Submit Article ↑

    All manuscripts must be submitted via the designated online submission platform. First-time users must register (free). After registration, authors can track submissions using their login credentials.
    Once registered, authors can conveniently monitor the progress of their articles by logging in with their unique username and password. To facilitate the publication of articles, authors are expected to fulfill the necessary Article Processing Charges. Should any difficulties arise during the submission or payment process, please do not hesitate to reach out to the editorial office at editor.phcogrev@phcog.net.

    Authors are required to pay the applicable Article Processing Charges (APC) upon acceptance. For submission or payment issues, contact the editorial office: editor.phcogrev@phcog.net.

    Aim & Scope ↑

    Pharmacognosy Reviews aims to increase understanding of pharmacognosy as well as to direct and foster further research through the dissemination of scientific information by the publication of manuscripts. The primary aim of the journal is to provide a dedicated platform for researchers, academicians, and practitioners to document the latest advancements in the study of drugs from natural sources. We strive to bridge the gap between ancient traditional medicine and modern pharmacology by promoting evidence-based research that validates the safety and efficacy of natural products.

    Subjects Covered ↑

    The journal covers:

    • Pharmacognosy
    • Medicinal Plants
    • Natural Products
    • Ethnopharmacology
    • Herbal Formulation
    • Regulatory Affairs
    • Toxicology
    • Marine & Microbial Pharmacognosy

    Abstracting & Indexing Information ↑

    The journal is registered with the following abstracting partners:

    • Baidu Scholar
    • CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure)
    • EBSCO Publishing's Electronic Databases
    • Ex Libris – Primo Central
    • Google Scholar
    • Hinari
    • Infotrieve
    • National Science Library
    • ProQuest
    • TdNet
    • Wanfang Data

    The journal is indexed with, or included in, the following:

    •Index Copernicus

    •Indian Science Abstracts

    Article Types ↑

    Pharmacognosy Reviews publishes high quality review articles, evaluation reports, critical reviews, short communications, commentaries and editorials of all aspects of medicinal plant research.
    The acceptable word limit for a Review article should be up to 3500 words, whereas short communications, and commentaries should not be more than 700 words. All review articles, reprint articles, and case reports need to be peer-reviewed.
    Abstracts should be structured with not more than 250 to 300 words. Unstructured abstract must include background, purpose, methods, results and conclusion without the sub-headings.

    Review Articles

    Critical and comprehensive reviews (up to ~3500 words)).

    Short Communications

    Concise reports of significant research findings. (up to ~3500 words).

    Brief Reports

    Focused updates on specific natural product observations. (up to ~700 words).

    Article Processing Charges ↑

    APC collection is handled by Manuscript Technomedia LLP.

    APC: INR 6,500 inclusive of taxes (18% GST) for India; US$300 plus taxes for overseas authors.

    APC is payable after acceptance and before production starts. After acceptance, the corresponding author will be sent a payment link. Production proceeds only after APC payment has been received. Typical online publication after payment is approximately 30 days (subject to production queue).

    If your paper is accepted for publication after peer review, you will first be asked to complete the contributor’s publishing agreement. Once your manuscript files have been checked for Production, the corresponding author will be asked to pay the article processing charge (APC) via a payment link. Once the APC has been processed, your article will be prepared for publication and can appear online within an average of 30 days. Please note that no production work will occur on your paper until the APC has been received).

    Editorial Policy ↑

    We at the Pharmacognosy Reviews are committed to meeting and maintaining ethical standards throughout the publication. For these reasons, the journal closely follows industry associations like the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), which define standards and provide guidance.
    Authors reporting in vivo animal experiments and clinical trials are encouraged to refer to the ARRIVE guidelines and the CONSORT statement, respectively.

    Peer Review Policy ↑

    A peer review process is applied to articles or information submitted exclusively to the Pharmacognosy Reviews. Manuscripts that do not meet scientific standards will not be reviewed. Referees are asked for advice on the paper’s scientific merit as well as its appeal to a broad pharmaceutical research audience. Editors usually give reviewers 21 days to complete the review process. While editors always strive for a quick turnaround, this is not always possible. After the paper has been sent to the referees, editors will contact them with weekly reminders about their due dates. Once all the reviews have been completed in-house, the Editor handling the manuscript will most likely make a decision within a day or two. The Editor will then inform the corresponding author of his or her decision. Reviewers invest valuable time in the belief that they are making a valuable contribution to the scientific process by reviewing articles submitted to the Pharmacognosy Reviews online and digitally. Communication at Pharmacognosy Reviews occurs only via email.

    Submission Guidelines ↑

    A manuscript will be reviewed for possible publication with the understanding that it is being submitted to the Pharmacognosy Reviews alone at that point in time and has not been published anywhere, simultaneously submitted, or already accepted for publication elsewhere. The journal expects that the authors will authorize one of them to correspond with the journal on all matters related to the manuscript. All manuscripts received are duly acknowledged. On submission, editors review all submitted manuscripts initially to ensure they are suitable for formal review. Manuscripts with insufficient originality, serious scientific or technical flaws, or lack of a significant message are rejected before proceeding for formal peer-review. Manuscripts that are unlikely to be of interest to the Pharmacognosy Reviews readers are also liable to be rejected at this stage itself.

    Manuscripts found suitable for publication in the Pharmacognosy Reviews are sent to two or more expert reviewers. During submission, the contributor is requested to provide names of two or three qualified reviewers who have had experience in the subject of the submitted manuscript, but this is not mandatory. The reviewers should not be affiliated with the same institutes as the contributor/s. However, the selection of these reviewers is at the sole discretion of the editor. The journal follows a double-blind review process, wherein the reviewers and authors are unaware of each other’s identities. Every manuscript is also assigned to a member of the editorial team, who, based on the comments from the reviewers, takes a final decision on the manuscript. The comments and suggestions (acceptance/ rejection/ amendments in the manuscript) received from reviewers are conveyed to the corresponding author. If required, the author is requested to provide a point-by-point response to reviewers’ comments and submit a revised version of the manuscript. This process is repeated till reviewers and editors are satisfied with the manuscript.

    Manuscripts accepted for publication are copy-edited for grammar, punctuation, print style, and format. Page proofs are sent to the corresponding author. The corresponding author is expected to return the corrected proofs within three days. It may not be possible to incorporate corrections received after that period. The whole process of submission of the manuscript to the final decision and sending and receiving proofs is completed online. To achieve faster and greater dissemination of knowledge and information, the journal publishes articles online as ‘Ahead of Print’ immediately upon acceptance.

    Authorship criteria

    Authorship credit should be based only on substantial contributions to each of the three components mentioned below:

    1. Concept and design of study or acquisition of data or analysis and interpretation of data;
    2. Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and
    3. Final approval of the version to be published.

    Participation solely in the acquisition of funding or data collection does not justify authorship. General supervision of the research group is not sufficient for authorship. Each contributor should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content of the manuscript. The order of naming the contributors should be based on the relative contribution of the contributor towards the study and writing of the manuscript. Once submitted the order cannot be changed without the written consent of all the contributors. The journal prescribes a maximum number of authors for manuscripts depending upon the type of manuscript, its scope and the number of institutions involved (vide infra). The authors should provide a justification if the number of authors exceeds these limits.

    Conflicts of Interest/ Competing Interests

    All authors must disclose any and all conflicts of interest they may have with the publication of the manuscript or an institution or product that is mentioned in the manuscript and/or is important to the outcome of the study presented. Authors should also disclose conflicts of interest with products that compete with those mentioned in their manuscript.

    Authors may suggest 2–3 potential reviewers (not mandatory); however final reviewer selection rests with the editors. The journal follows a double-blind review process.

    Formatting Guidelines ↑

    Typical word limits: Review Articles ~3500 words; Commentaries ≤700 words. Abstracts should be structured (background, purpose, methods, results, conclusion) and limited to 250–300 words.

    Manuscripts should conform to ICMJE recommendations and be written in English. Figures should be high resolution (≥350 dpi) and submitted in JPEG/TIFF/PNG/EPS formats as appropriate. Tables should be self-explanatory and fit the journal layout.

    Preparation of Manuscript ↑

    Your Manuscript should be typed, double-spaced in a Word Processor. You should use 12 pt Times New Roman font. Authors should take care of the fonts that are used in the document, including fonts within graphics. Fonts should be restricted to Times New Roman, Symbol and Zapf Dingbats.

    Title: Should be in Title Case; The first character in each word in the title has to be capitalized.

    A research paper typically should include in the following order:

    • Abstract
    • Keywords
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgements (If any)
    • References
    • Tables and/or Figures
    • Appendices (if necessary)
    • Abbreviations (if necessary)

    Abstract – Limit of 250 Words ↑

    A brief summary of the research. The abstract should be in a structured format, include a brief introduction, a description of the hypothesis tested, the approach used to test the hypothesis, the results seen and the conclusions of the work.

    Example

    Background: Sophora flavescens Aiton is an important medicinal plant in China. Early in vitro research of S. flavescens was focused on callus induction and cell suspension culture; only a few were concerned with in vitro multiplication. Objectives: To establish and optimize the rapid propagation technology of S. flavescens and to generate and characterize polyploid plants of S. flavescens. Materials and Methods: The different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KT) were used to establish and screen the optimal rapid propagation technology of S. flavescens by orthogonal test; 0.2% colchicine solution was used to induce polyploid plants, and the induced buds were identified by root-tip chromosome determination and stomatal apparatus observation. Results: A large number of buds could be induced directly from epicotyl and hypocotyl explants on the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS; 1962) supplemented with 1.4–1.6 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.3 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). More than 50 lines of autotetraploid plants were obtained. The chromosome number of the autotetraploid plantlet was 2n = 4x = 36. All tetraploid plants showed typical polyploid characteristics. Conclusion: Obtained autotetraploid lines will be of important genetic and breeding value and can be used for further selection and plant breeding.

    Key words ↑

    Please, write no more than six keywords. Write specific keywords. They should be written left-aligned, arranged alphabetically in 12pt Times Roman, and the line must begin with the words Keywords boldfaced. A 12pt space should separate the keywords from the affiliations.

    Introduction ↑

    Description of the research area, pertinent background information, and the hypotheses tested in the study should be included under this section. The introduction should provide sufficient background information such that a scientifically literate reader can understand and appreciate the experiments to be described. The introduction MUST include in-text citations, including references to pertinent reviews and primary scientific literature. The specific aims of the project should be identified along with a rationale for the specific experiments and other work performed.

    Materials and Methods ↑

    Materials and/or subjects utilized in the study, as well as the procedures undertaken to complete the work. The methods should be described in sufficient detail such that they could be repeated by a competent researcher. Please include the company sources for all uncommon reagents (kits, drugs, etc). Illustrations and/or tables may be helpful in describing complex equipment or elaborate procedures. The statistical tool used to analyze the data should be mentioned. All procedures involving experimental animals or human subjects must be accompanied by a statement on necessary ethical approval from the appropriate ethics committee.

    Results ↑

    Data acquired from the research with appropriate statistical analysis described in the methods section should be included in this section. The results section should describe the rationale for each experiment, the results obtained and their significance. Results should be organized into figures and tables with descriptive captions. The captions, although brief, should tell the reader the method used, explain any abbreviations included in the figure, and should end with a statement as to the conclusion of the figure. Qualitative as well as quantitative results should be included if applicable.

    Discussion/Conclusion ↑

    This section should relate the results section to the current understanding of the scientific problems being investigated in the field. Description of relevant references to other work/s in the field should be included here. This section also allows you to discuss the significance of your results - i.e., does the data support the hypotheses you set out to test? This section should end with new answers/questions that arise as a result of your work.

    Tables and Figures ↑

    Tables

    Each table must start on a separate sheet, and it should be included in the manuscript file. They should be numbered with Arabic numerals according to their sequence in the text, and have a short, self-explanatory heading. Use SI units. Tables should include vertical rules, but horizontal rules should separate column headings from the content. Authors should keep in mind the page layout of the journal when designing tables. Tables that fit onto one printed page are preferred. Detailed explanations of symbols, units, and abbreviations should follow below the table.

    Illustrations

    Figures for final production should be submitted as png or .jpg. Please pay particular attention to the guidelines below. The editorial office cannot undertake the preparation of manuscripts and illustrations not conforming to the journal's style. Manuscripts of insufficient quality will be returned immediately without refereeing. A high standard of illustration (both line and photo) is an editorial priority. All illustrations should be prepared for printing to fit 80 x 240 mm (column width) or 169 mm by up to 240 mm (full page) size. It is preferred that the full-page length is not used and that authors keep in mind that the caption will be placed underneath the figure. In the event that full-page length is necessary for plates, captions will have to appear on adjacent pages. Figure(s) must be numbered consecutively in the text. Compound figures with more than one micrograph or photo should be referred to by a single figure reference (e.g. Figure 1), and individual parts should be labelled with capitalized letters in the lower left-hand corner. Lettering should be of a sans-serif type (i.e. fonts without serifs such as Arial) with a minimum published size of 4.2 mm (12 pt). Descriptive labelling in the figures should be clearly readable, and all lettering should have a minimum published size of 6 pt (2.1 mm) for labelling items on photographs or in line art is recommended and a maximum size of 10 pt is suggested. Use a scale bar to indicate magnifications and place it in the lower right corner if possible. Computer-prepared photographic images must be at a minimum of 350 dpi at the final publication size. Lower resolution will result in pixilation and poor-quality images. These should be submitted as JPEG, TIFF or PPT files, but encapsulated postscript (EPS) format is also acceptable.

    Computer-generated figures are acceptable provided they are of high quality. Please note that graphs produced directly from some statistical software programs are often not suitable for publication, particularly due to inadequate lettering on axes and captions. Such graphics should be exported into an approved graphics program, and all labelling should be added using a text-rendering function to ensure clarity. Avoid using .dot, .bmp, .pat, or postscript bitmap fill patterns, as these can lead to visible screening artifacts during final reproduction. When adding fills, use only lines, tints, or solid colours. The minimum acceptable line width is 0.25 pt (0.09 mm). Do not use bitmap scans to display text or fine details; all text should remain as editable text with a minimum final size of 6 pt (2.1 mm).

    Images obtained from external sources must comply with copyright regulations. If copyrighted material is used, written permission from the copyright holder must be obtained and submitted with the manuscript. Failure to provide proof of permission may result in removal of the figure or rejection of the manuscript. Images used without authorization are considered copyright infringement.

    If AI-generated images are included, the authors must explicitly state that the figure was created using an artificial intelligence tool and identify the software used. Failure to disclose AI-generated content may also result in delays or rejection during review.

    For graphs Excel graphs are also acceptable. Note that vertical axes must all be at the same scale especially where the paper compares between them. Otherwise they should be produced as separate figures. Avoid 3D plots when presenting 2D data.

    Table and Figure Captions ↑

    Figure and table captions should be included at the end of the manuscript. Figure captions/legends should include a statement at the end of each caption/legends about reproduction size (e.g. at full page width, at column width). They should be double spaced and typed in the journal format. Explanations should be brief and authors should keep in mind that captions/legends will be placed below figures.

    Acknowledgements – Limit of 100 Words ↑

    This is a brief section crediting the people who have helped make your manuscript possible and who aided you in your work but are not part of the authorship. Please mention all applicable grants and other funding that supported your work.

    Reference List: Author/Authors ↑

    In APA style, the reference list should be arranged alphabetically by the last name of the first author, rather than by order of appearance in the text. In-text citations are identified using the author's last name and publication year; page numbers are included only when directly quoting. APA style does not use superscript numerals for citations.

    All references cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and every entry in the reference list must be cited in the text. Avoid using abstracts as references unless they are the only available source. Manuscripts that are submitted but not yet accepted for publication should be cited as "unpublished manuscripts" and should only be included in the text, not the reference list. Personal communications should be cited only in the text and should include the communicator's name and the exact date of communication.

    Journal titles should be written in full (not abbreviated), with the journal name and volume number in italics. Follow APA formatting rules for capitalization, punctuation, and DOI presentation.

    References

    In-text citation Examples

    Correct / Acceptable Format

    Cancer is defined as a disease in which damaged cells in the body reproduce despite normal restrictions and can spread to other parts of the body, where they invade and colonize territories normally reserved for other cells (Hausman, 2019). Among the different types of cancer, prostate cancer is the fourth most common neoplasia worldwide, according to statistics from the Global Cancer Observatory in 2020 (Sung et al., 2021). Prostate cancer is diagnosed late, as official figures reveal that 70% of diagnosed cases are in an advanced stage, complicating treatment.

    For several years, plants have been considered a primary source for the search for new cancer drugs, since currently around 60% of the drugs used in chemotherapy come from natural sources (Alonso-Castro et al., 2011). For this reason, it is necessary to study those medicinal species that do not have previous scientific reports and that are most frequently used in traditional medicine for the treatment of urinary and prostate conditions, to have new candidates for the search for bioactive components (Sánchez-Aguirre et al., 2021).

    JOURNAL REFERENCES [APA Style]

    Authors should strictly follow the APA (American Psychological Association) citation style.

    Example: Alonso-Castro, A. J., Villareal, M., Salazar-Olivo, L. A., Gomez-Sanchez, M., Domínguez, F., and García-Carranca, A. (2011). Mexican medicinal plants used for cancer treatment: Pharmacological, phytochemical and ethnobotanical studies. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(3), 945-972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.055.

    In-text citation:

    In APA style, in-text citations typically include the author's last name and the publication year, enclosed in parentheses. If you are directly quoting, you should also include the page number.

    • Author(s) in Sentence: Alonso-Castro et al. (2011) state that for several years, plants have been considered a primary source for the development of new cancer drugs, since approximately 60% of the chemotherapeutic agents currently used originate from natural sources.
    • Author(s) in Parentheses: For several years, plants have been considered a primary source in the search for new cancer drugs, since approximately 60% of the chemotherapeutic agents currently in use originate from natural sources (Alonso-Castro et al., 2011).
    • Multiple Authors: For sources with three or more authors, use et al. after the first author's name: (Smith et al., 2018).
    Reference List:

    References should be listed alphabetically by the author's last name.

    • Journal Article: Alonso-Castro, A. J., Villarreal, M., Salazar-Olivo, L. A., Gómez-Sánchez, M., Domínguez, F., & García-Carranca, A. (2011). Mexican medicinal plants used for cancer treatment: Pharmacological, phytochemical and ethnobotanical studies. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(3), 945–972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.055
    • Book: Smith, A. B. (2018). The Science of Nature. Publisher.

    APA style does not use a superscript number in the text for citations. Instead, it relies on the author's last name and publication year. When using APA style, make sure to format your entire manuscript, including the reference list, according to APA guidelines.

    Contact Information ↑

    Any correspondence, queries or additional requests for information on the Manuscript Submission process should be sent to the Pharmacognosy Reviews editorial office as follows:

    Editorial Office

    22 (New # 40), 3rd Cross,
    Vivekananda Nagar,
    Bengaluru — 560033, INDIA
    Email: editor.phcogrev@phcog.net

    Acknowledgements ↑

    All electronic submissions and communications are acknowledged electronically upon receipt. Authors are requested to follow the journal's guidelines strictly to avoid delays.